Investment Strategy
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After a stellar year for most portfolios in 2024, we are focused on building on strength in 2025. While we think markets will move higher over the next year, we believe a renewed focus on portfolio resilience can help preserve your household’s wealth and manage macroeconomic volatility. The focus can be part of an overall “wealth check,” ensuring that asset allocation still aligns to your goals and risk tolerance, and is as tax-efficient as possible.
Here are five approaches that may bolster portfolio resilience:
You may not appreciate how equity market gains over the past few years have skewed your portfolio’s stock-bond balance. For example, if you were allocated to a 60/40 stock-bond portfolio in early 2020 and didn’t rebalance, the portfolio would have drifted to an 80/20 allocation. In other words, you may be in a position to take some gains out of your equity portfolio.
A 60/40 portfolio and an 80/20 portfolio have very different risk characteristics and long-term return expectations. From a macroeconomic perspective, we think risks today are broadly balanced between recession and inflation. Portfolios should be attuned to both risks. Within asset classes, rebalancing is also essential to maintain the proper balance between sectors, factors, styles and regions.
This is crucial for portfolio resilience. Our research indicates that nearly half of all publicly traded companies experience a catastrophic loss in value (a 70% peak-to-trough decline that is not recovered), and nearly two-thirds underperform the index. Additionally, holding a concentrated cash position can hinder achieving your long-term goals and even erode purchasing power.
Several tax-efficient strategies can help manage concentrated positions, for example, gifting long-term appreciated positions to charity, or using techniques such as variable prepaid forwards or exchange funds to monetize and diversify.
Increasing the share of total return driven by income can enhance your portfolio’s resilience. As yields decline on cash and Treasury bills, many investors will seek new income sources. If history is any guide, between USD 600 billion and USD 2.2 trillion of money market fund assets will move to find new homes. Within fixed income, consider allocating to various market subsectors (including municipal bonds, asset-backed securities, high yield credit and preferred equities) can be a prudent way to diversify income sources.
[ENERGETIC MUSIC]
Let's dig into renewing portfolio resilience with the Elyse Ausenbaugh. Elyse, thanks so much for joining us.
Thank you for having me.
If you are worried about burgeoning government deficits, if you are worried about the potential inflationary impacts of continued fiscal spending, adding things to your portfolio that are less correlated with stocks and bonds, but still give you those diversified sources of income or diversification, could be really attractive.
Yeah, and I think in particular, the first place we might look is to an asset like gold. It is the original safe haven asset, and we do think that that's going to be the go-to place, particularly if you're concerned about those deficit risks. You've seen other central banks around the world start to diversify their own reserves by increasing their allocations to gold, and so investors might consider doing the same. But if it's the inflation risk that you're more concerned about, I think that's where those income-generating real assets can really be beneficial additions to that traditional stock-bond mix.
Got it. So when we think about real assets, what do you really mean?
Real estate, infrastructure-- think things that are going to be able to generate those cash flows and have some link in pricing power if inflation does start to re-accelerate and move higher. That income generation, in particular, we think can be a really helpful kind of steady support for portfolios going forward.
Right. So I mean, just to give an example, when you're a landlord, obviously, you're going to raise your rents if inflation is rising, if the economy is tight, if there is expansion, if there is demand that outstrips supply. So if you can be yourself-- a landlord in your investment portfolio-- you should be able to benefit from that pass-through of inflation. And that's really what we're looking for.
Yep.
Got it. So the final thing that I think we should put in the context of this entire discussion is that people are in a pretty good place. I mean, when you think about what multi-asset portfolios have done, not only in 2024 but also in 2023, performance has been really spectacular, just from your market exposure. So why don't you just give some other considerations for folks who have been invested throughout this run in the stock market, and maybe think about some of the tweaks and changes they can make along the edges to ensure that those gains continue to hold?
Surely. I mean, even despite those inflationary headwinds, asset holders have really benefited from this big market rally, the appreciation of things like property values, and we are really focused on helping them defend that surge in their wealth. So maybe that looks shifting the composition of your portfolio to focus more on income generation, like we talked about before. And by the way, you can even do that on the equity side of your portfolio using something like dividend-oriented equities. You can also adjust the risk-return trade-off of your equity allocation by employing something like derivatives or structured notes as a means of targeting a certain level of return while potentially getting some downside protection.
So sorry, on the dividend side, I think it's interesting because another worry that I hear-- and I'm sure you hear too-- is the market's extended. It's at all-time highs. Valuations look full. But those dividend-oriented equities, those quality income-oriented equities, are trading at a pretty substantial discount to the rest of the market.
Yes, which is certainly hard to find in today's market, so I think makes that potential consideration all the more compelling. I would be remiss not to mention core fixed income as that means of conventional portfolio balance, because while we know it might not protect you from a rise or a re-acceleration in inflation-- I mean, we learned that lesson in 2022 when you had that stock-bond correlated sell off-- we do still think that that's going to be a really good defensive ballast if our base case ends up being wrong and you do get a big growth downturn, either here in the United States or elsewhere.
So continuing to rely on that, taking a global perspective and looking across the developed world landscape for those opportunities, and, especially if you're a US taxpayer, really embracing that relative value that's being seen in the municipal bond market right now, we think is still prudent, particularly if you're looking for places to deploy excess cash.
Yeah, absolutely. I think those are some fantastic considerations. So maybe just let me summarize the key points.
Markets have performed exceptionally well over the last two years. And to really ensure that we're harnessing those gains and making our portfolios resilient, I think focusing on income and focusing on real assets are a great way to do that. Is there anything else that you would add?
I would just add that one of the reasons why this is my favorite section in the entire Outlook is because while there's so much that we're excited about when we look ahead to 2025 in terms of being front-footed and embracing new opportunities, this is also an opportunity really balance that mindset with one that's focused on that resilience and foundation for long-term financial success.
Right, it should help folks stick to their goals.
Yes.
Absolutely. Thank you so much for joining us.
Thank you.
And thank you for watching.
[ENERGETIC MUSIC]
(SPEECH)
[ENERGETIC MUSIC]
(DESCRIPTION)
A U.S. flag flies atop the White House. A photograph depicts the upcoming speaker. Text: Elyse Ausenbaugh, Global Investment Strategist. Renewing portfolio resilience. The gold rush. Finding value in income. Defending against inflation. Reconfigured returns. Jake Manoukian, US Head of Investment Strategy. The two sit together in front of a golden J.P. Morgan logo.
(SPEECH)
Let's dig into renewing portfolio resilience with the Elyse Ausenbaugh. Elyse, thanks so much for joining us.
Thank you for having me.
If you are worried about burgeoning government deficits, if you are worried about the potential inflationary impacts of continued fiscal spending, adding things to your portfolio that are less correlated with stocks and bonds, but still give you those diversified sources of income or diversification, could be really attractive.
Yeah, and I think in particular, the first place we might look is to an asset like gold. It is the original safe haven asset, and we do think that that's going to be the go-to place, particularly if you're concerned about those deficit risks. You've seen other central banks around the world start to diversify their own reserves by increasing their allocations to gold, and so investors might consider doing the same. But if it's the inflation risk that you're more concerned about, I think that's where those income-generating real assets can really be beneficial additions to that traditional stock-bond mix.
Got it. So when we think about real assets, what do you really mean?
Real
(DESCRIPTION)
Text: Renewing portfolio resilience against inflation.
(SPEECH)
estate, infrastructure-- think things that are going to be able to generate those cash flows and have some link in pricing power if inflation does start to re-accelerate and move higher.
(DESCRIPTION)
Text: Finding value income.
(SPEECH)
That income generation, in particular, we think can be a really helpful kind of steady support for portfolios going forward.
Right. So I mean, just to give an example, when you're a landlord, obviously, you're going to raise your rents if inflation is rising, if the economy is tight, if there is expansion, if there is demand that outstrips supply. So if you can be yourself-- a landlord in your investment portfolio-- you should be able to benefit from that pass-through of inflation. And that's really what we're looking for.
Yep.
Got it. So the final thing that I think we should put in the context of this entire discussion is that people are in a pretty good place. I mean, when you think about what multi-asset portfolios have done, not only in 2024 but also in 2023, performance has been really spectacular, just from your market exposure. So why don't you just give some other considerations for folks who have been invested throughout this run in the stock market, and maybe think about some of the tweaks and changes they can make along the edges to ensure that those gains continue to hold?
Surely. I mean, even despite those inflationary headwinds, asset holders have really benefited from this big market rally, the appreciation of things like property values, and we are really focused on helping them defend that surge in their wealth.
(DESCRIPTION)
Text: Reconfigured returns.
(SPEECH)
So maybe that looks shifting the composition of your portfolio to focus more on income generation, like we talked about before. And by the way, you can even do that on the equity side of your portfolio using something like dividend-oriented equities. You can also adjust the risk-return trade-off of your equity allocation by employing something like derivatives or structured notes as a means of targeting a certain level of return while potentially getting some downside protection.
So sorry, on the dividend side, I think it's interesting because another worry that I hear-- and I'm sure you hear too-- is the market's extended. It's at all-time highs. Valuations look full. But those dividend-oriented equities, those quality income-oriented equities, are trading at a pretty substantial discount to the rest of the market.
Yes, which is certainly hard to find in today's market, so I think makes that potential consideration all the more compelling. I would be remiss not to mention core fixed income as that means of conventional portfolio balance, because while we know it might not protect you from a rise or a re-acceleration in inflation-- I mean, we learned that lesson in 2022 when you had that stock-bond correlated sell off-- we do still think that that's going to be a really good defensive ballast if our base case ends up being wrong and you do get a big growth downturn, either here in the United States or elsewhere.
So continuing to rely on that, taking a global perspective and looking across the developed world landscape for those opportunities, and, especially if you're a US taxpayer, really embracing that relative value that's being seen in the municipal bond market right now, we think is still prudent, particularly if you're looking for places to deploy excess cash.
Yeah, absolutely. I think those are some fantastic considerations. So maybe just let me summarize the key points.
Markets have performed exceptionally well over the last two years. And to really ensure that we're harnessing those gains and making our portfolios resilient, I think focusing on income and focusing on real assets are a great way to do that. Is there anything else that you would add?
I would just add that one of the reasons why this is my favorite section in the entire Outlook is because while there's so much that we're excited about when we look ahead to 2025 in terms of being front-footed and embracing new opportunities, this is also an opportunity really balance that mindset with one that's focused on that resilience and foundation for long-term financial success.
Right, it should help folks stick to their goals.
Yes.
Absolutely. Thank you so much for joining us.
Thank you.
And thank you for watching.
[ENERGETIC MUSIC]
(DESCRIPTION)
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Core fixed income remains a critical diversifier in investment portfolios. However, adding other types of assets that could mitigate inflation threats can potentially enhance portfolio resilience. Traditionally diversified portfolios have faced challenges over the last four years, as stocks and bonds often moved in the same direction, showing positive correlation. We see a strong case for owning assets that provide diversification both to equities and fixed income.
Historically, real estate, commodities and infrastructure have had low correlations to stocks and bonds. Additionally, diversified hedge fund strategies have proven their worth in the post-COVID period, with composite hedge funds outperforming core fixed income by 20 percentage points cumulatively since the end of 2020. Looking ahead, we anticipate hedge funds can potentially capture over 80% of the upside of a traditional 60/40 portfolio while experiencing approximately half the volatility.
We believe investors could consider strategies that reconfigure returns to embed downside protection while maintaining upside exposure in 2025. Consider using tools such as options to alter the risk and return profile of underlying assets. This strategy can potentially offer downside protection while preserving the possibility of some upside gains. Options can safeguard capital, provide niche exposure and generate income. Similarly, active exchange-traded funds (ETFs) can employ option strategies to generate income from an underlying asset class, or deliver reduced volatility compared to outright equity exposure. Structured notes can achieve similar outcomes and can be customized with greater individual specificity.
Historically, equity-linked structured notes have delivered two-thirds of the return of broad equity markets while generating positive returns in down equity markets. They have also outperformed preferred equity and high yield bonds in both up and down markets.
Gold can play a significant role in building resilient portfolios. We expect gold prices to find continued support from central banks, particularly in emerging markets. The People’s Bank of China still holds only 5% of its reserves in gold, compared with the European Central Bank at 60% and the Federal Reserve at 73%. Critically, gold—the original safe-haven asset—can serve as an attractive hedge against both geopolitical risk and uncertainty around sovereign debt and deficits.
We are optimistic about market returns in 2025. As you think through your investing decisions, the past year’s gains have put you in a position of strength.
How can you best harness that strength? When you make, or reassess your wealth plan, understand the choices you now have. Take into account the relevant complexities and tradeoffs. Consider how your goals might have changed. Aim to deepen your portfolio’s resilience and rebalance your asset base where needed. Whatever markets have in store, a comprehensive wealth plan can give you greater confidence that your investment decisions align with your intentions.
Your J.P. Morgan team can help you through a collaborative process to organize your wealth plan and give you the information you need whatever the future may hold.
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Nov 18, 2024
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All market and economic data as of October 2024 and sourced from Bloomberg Finance L.P. and FactSet unless otherwise stated.
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Investments in emerging markets may not be suitable for all investors. Emerging markets involve a greater degree of risk and increased volatility. Changes in currency exchange rates and differences in accounting and taxation policies outside the U.S. can raise or lower returns. Some overseas markets may not be as politically and economically stable as the United States and other nations. Investments in emerging markets can be more volatile.
Investments in commodities may have greater volatility than investments in traditional securities. The value of commodities may be affected by changes in overall market movements, commodity index volatility, changes in interest rates, or factors affecting a particular industry or commodity, such as drought, floods, weather, livestock disease, embargoes, tariffs and international economic, political and regulatory developments. Investing in commodities creates an opportunity for increased return but, at the same time, creates the possibility for greater loss. Not all option strategies are suitable for all investors. Certain strategies may expose investors to significant potential risks and losses. Investors are urged to carefully consider whether options or option-related products or strategies are suitable for their needs.
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